Low-income Housing Policies from the Government Competitiveness Perspective
Low-income housing policies can be considered one of the elements of Government Competitiveness. While net income increases, the proportion of residents in rental housing has also increased. What causes this phenomenon? Low-income housing policies of multiple countries are reviewed from 1950’s to 2010’s. This paper also asks whether human capital and leadership affect government capacity.

Hypothesis:
1. The relationship between human capital and government capacity is positive.
2. The relationship between leadership and government capacity is positive.
Findings: human capital is not statistically significant, while leadership is significant. Political stability is also statistically significant.

Civic Enterprise as Enabler of Cultural Policy: An Institutional Framework for Art Districts in Seoul

By Kris Hartley

This presentation addresses the blended model of urban redevelopment unique to Asian countries, as understood through the growth of art districts. It first identifies a literature gap regarding the under-theorization of factors contributing to the growth of art districts, particularly regarding citizen initiative. From a practical perspective, districts often fail to reflect indigenous and vernacular culture, instead favoring global or western “high” art. They also become enclaves of decontextualized cultural fetishization, with little contribution to everyday life. The current literature addresses this phenomenon only indirectly, focusing primarily on districts as engines of post-industrial revitalization and expressions of human interaction. This presentation’s contribution is a framework that resides at intersection of literatures about urban planning and public administration, analyzing districts by physical and institutional characteristics amidst differing developmental paradigms.